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Introduction The concepts of care and caring have been described as both models and theories. The main focus of transcultural care is the study and analysis of cultural values, beliefs and practices, and their influence in shaping the beliefs and practices with respect to health, illness and care. The aim of transcultural care is to provide care that is culturally in keeping with the expectations of the person's cultural values, beliefs and practices. Transcultural theory has been criticised for not addressing issues of sociological or political inequalities that face minority ethnic groups with respect to the power relationships in society (Culley, 1996). A major limitation of transcultural nursing models is their lack of consideration of the relationship between power and knowledge, and the analysis of prejudice and discrimination (Mulholland, 1995). Talabere (1996) has suggested that in its usage the term cultural diversity itself is ethnocentric in the sense that it implies a worldview of the other person being different from oneself rather than how one is different from the other. The risk being that the 'white' ethnic group is viewed as the norm against which comparisons of other ethnic groups (nonwhites) are made. This has wide-reaching implications for how we question and respond to our own assumptions about others, and our knowledge of the deep-rooted historical, political, religious, cultural and socio-economic origins of the issues that impact on developing culturally competent nursing care.
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Models of Transcultural Care - Transcultural Care